减肥新药：应对肥胖危机的希望与挑战
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Original Text:One-third of US adults have obesity¹, a condition that makes them more susceptible² to heart disease, diabetes, and cancer. Anti-obesity drugs—including Wegovy and Mounjaro—could help address³ this public health crisis.
单词解析:
obesity (n.) /əʊˈbiːsəti/ - 中文含义：肥胖症。关键用法：childhood obesity (儿童肥胖症)。susceptible (adj.) /səˈseptəbl/ - 中文含义：易受影响的，易感染的。关键用法：susceptible to infection (易受感染)。address (v.) /əˈdres/ - 中文含义：处理，应对，解决（问题）。关键用法：to address a problem (解决一个问题)。Key Structures and Expressions Analysis (中文分析):
• 重点词汇与词组：• obesity: 肥胖症• a condition that makes them more susceptible to...: (定语从句) 一种使他们更容易患上……的状况• susceptible to: 易受……影响的，易患……的• Anti-obesity drugs: 抗肥胖药物，减肥药• address this public health crisis: 应对这场公共卫生危机• 长难句分析：1. "One-third of US adults have obesity¹, a condition that makes them more susceptible² to heart disease, diabetes, and cancer."• 难点："a condition that makes them more susceptible to heart disease, diabetes, and cancer" 是 "obesity" 的同位语，对其进行解释说明。其中 "that makes them more susceptible to..." 是一个定语从句，修饰 "condition"。Chinese Translation (中文翻译):三分之一的美国成年人患有肥胖症，这种情况使他们更容易患上心脏病、糖尿病和癌症。包括Wegovy和Mounjaro在内的抗肥胖药物可能有助于应对这场公共卫生危机。
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Original Text:Success stories are everywhere online, from Reddit to TikTok. Novo Nordisk, the company behind two of the popular medications¹, has seen profits soar², and pharmacies have struggled³ to keep the drugs in stock.
单词解析:
medications (n.) /ˌmedɪˈkeɪʃnz/ - 中文含义：药物，药剂。关键用法：take medication (服药)。soar (v.) /sɔːr/ - 中文含义：（价格、数量等）猛增，剧增。关键用法：Prices soared last year. (去年价格猛涨)。struggled (v.) /ˈstrʌɡld/ - 中文含义：努力，挣扎，艰难地做。关键用法：struggle to do something (努力做某事)。Key Structures and Expressions Analysis (中文分析):
• 重点词汇与词组：• Success stories are everywhere online: 网上到处都是成功案例• the company behind two of the popular medications: (介词短语作后置定语) 生产其中两种流行药物的公司• seen profits soar: (see sb/sth do sth) 看到利润飙升• pharmacies have struggled to keep...in stock: 药店一直难以保持……的库存供应• 长难句分析：1. "Novo Nordisk, the company behind two of the popular medications¹, has seen profits soar², and pharmacies have struggled³ to keep the drugs in stock."• 难点："the company behind two of the popular medications" 是 "Novo Nordisk" 的同位语。 "has seen profits soar" 中 "soar" 是省略了 "to" 的不定式，作感官动词 "seen" 的宾语补足语。整个句子由 "and" 连接两个并列分句。Chinese Translation (中文翻译):从Reddit到TikTok，网上到处都是成功案例。生产其中两种流行药物的诺和诺德公司，利润猛增，而药店则一直难以保证这些药物的库存。
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Original Text:These medications help people lose weight by suppressing¹ their appetite². Most were originally developed to treat type 2 diabetes, but in June 2021, Wegovy became the first drug to be approved for weight management³ since 2014. Semaglutide, the active ingredient⁴ in both Wegovy and Ozempic (a diabetes drug that’s often prescribed⁵ off-label⁶ for weight loss), mimics⁷ a hormone that the intestine releases after eating, causing you to feel full. Patients inject the drugs once a week at home and can lose about 12% to 15% of their body weight (though many hit a plateau after that).
单词解析:
suppressing (v. pres. participle) /səˈpresɪŋ/ - 中文含义：抑制，压制。关键用法：to suppress an emotion (抑制一种情感)。appetite (n.) /ˈæpɪtaɪt/ - 中文含义：食欲，胃口。关键用法：lose ones appetite (失去食欲)。management (n.) /ˈmænɪdʒmənt/ - 中文含义：（在此指疾病等的）控制，处理。关键用法：pain management (疼痛控制)。ingredient (n.) /ɪnˈɡriːdiənt/ - 中文含义：成分，原料。关键用法：the active ingredient (活性成分)。prescribed (v. past participle) /prɪˈskraɪbd/ - 中文含义：开（药方），规定（治疗方法）。关键用法：The doctor prescribed some medicine. (医生开了一些药)。off-label (adv. / adj.) /ˌɒf ˈleɪbl/ - 中文含义：（药物）说明书之外的用法，超说明书用药。mimics (v.) /ˈmɪmɪks/ - 中文含义：模仿，模拟。关键用法：The robot mimics human movements. (这个机器人模仿人类的动作)。Key Structures and Expressions Analysis (中文分析):
• 重点词汇与词组：• suppressing their appetite: 抑制他们的食欲 (by doing sth, 通过做某事)• weight management: 体重管理/控制• active ingredient: 活性成分• prescribed off-label for weight loss: (过去分词短语作后置定语) 超说明书用于减肥的处方药• mimics a hormone: 模拟一种激素• hit a plateau: 达到平台期，停滞不前• 长难句分析：1. "Semaglutide, the active ingredient⁴ in both Wegovy and Ozempic (a diabetes drug that’s often prescribed⁵ off-label⁶ for weight loss), mimics⁷ a hormone that the intestine releases after eating, causing you to feel full."• 难点："the active ingredient in both Wegovy and Ozempic" 是 "Semaglutide" 的同位语。括号内的内容是 "Ozempic" 的同位语，其中 "that’s often prescribed off-label for weight loss" 是定语从句修饰 "a diabetes drug"。句末 "that the intestine releases after eating" 是定语从句修饰 "a hormone"。 "causing you to feel full" 是现在分词短语作结果状语。Chinese Translation (中文翻译):这些药物通过抑制食欲来帮助人们减肥。大多数药物最初是为治疗2型糖尿病而开发的，但在2021年6月，Wegovy成为自2014年以来首个被批准用于体重管理的药物。司美格鲁肽是Wegovy和Ozempic（一种常被超说明书用于减肥的糖尿病药物）的活性成分，它能模拟肠道在进食后释放的一种激素，使你感到饱腹。患者每周在家自行注射一次，可以减掉约12%至15%的体重（尽管许多人之后会进入平台期）。
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Original Text:These drugs aren’t perfect—common side effects¹ include nausea, diarrhea, and vomiting. Many patients must stay on the drugs for life to keep the weight off, and the long-term impacts² of these treatments remain unknown. The drugs are also expensive, costing more than $1,000 per month, and most insurance plans don’t cover³ them for weight loss.
单词解析:
side effects (n. phr.) /ˈsaɪd ɪfekts/ - 中文含义：副作用。关键用法：common side effects (常见的副作用)。impacts (n.) /ˈɪmpækts/ - 中文含义：影响，效果。关键用法：the long-term impacts (长期影响)。cover (v.) /ˈkʌvər/ - 中文含义：（保险）承保，包括。关键用法：Does your insurance cover dental treatment? (你的保险包括牙科治疗吗？)。Key Structures and Expressions Analysis (中文分析):
• 重点词汇与词组：• side effects: 副作用• nausea, diarrhea, and vomiting: 恶心、腹泻和呕吐 (常见副作用列举)• stay on the drugs for life: 终身服药• keep the weight off: 保持体重不反弹• long-term impacts: 长期影响• insurance plans don’t cover them: 保险计划不承保它们• 长难句分析：1. "Many patients must stay on the drugs for life to keep the weight off, and the long-term impacts² of these treatments remain unknown."• 难点：这是一个由 "and" 连接的并列句。"to keep the weight off" 是不定式短语作目的状语。Chinese Translation (中文翻译):这些药物并非完美——常见的副作用包括恶心、腹泻和呕吐。许多患者必须终身服药以维持体重不反弹，而这些治疗的长期影响仍然未知。这些药物也很昂贵，每月花费超过1000美元，而且大多数保险计划不承保其用于减肥的费用。
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Original Text:Nevertheless¹, the treatments could improve the health of millions of people. Some studies even suggest that they alleviate² symptoms³ of heart failure. Dozens of companies are now developing new versions of these weight-loss medications, some of which can be taken orally⁴.
单词解析:
Nevertheless (adv.) /ˌnevəðəˈles/ - 中文含义：然而，尽管如此。alleviate (v.) /əˈliːvieɪt/ - 中文含义：减轻，缓和（痛苦等）。关键用法：to alleviate pain (减轻疼痛)。symptoms (n.) /ˈsɪmptəmz/ - 中文含义：症状。关键用法：symptoms of a disease (疾病的症状)。orally (adv.) /ˈɔːrəli/ - 中文含义：口服地；口头地。关键用法：take medicine orally (口服药物)。Key Structures and Expressions Analysis (中文分析):
• 重点词汇与词组：• Nevertheless: 然而，尽管如此 (表转折)• improve the health of millions of people: 改善数百万人的健康• alleviate symptoms of heart failure: 减轻心力衰竭的症状• Dozens of companies: 数十家公司• developing new versions: 开发新版本• some of which can be taken orally: (非限制性定语从句) 其中一些可以口服• 长难句分析：1. "Dozens of companies are now developing new versions of these weight-loss medications, some of which can be taken orally⁴."• 难点："some of which can be taken orally" 是一个非限制性定语从句，修饰 "new versions of these weight-loss medications"，说明这些新版本药物的一些特点。Chinese Translation (中文翻译):尽管如此，这些治疗方法仍可能改善数百万人的健康。一些研究甚至表明它们能减轻心力衰竭的症状。目前有数十家公司正在开发这些减肥药物的新版本，其中一些可以口服。
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Original Text:In November, the US Food and Drug Administration approved Eli Lilly’s diabetes drug Zepbound for obesity. With about 70 new obesity treatments in development, six are now awaiting¹ regulatory² review.
单词解析:
awaiting (v. pres. participle) /əˈweɪtɪŋ/ - 中文含义：等待，等候。关键用法：We are awaiting his decision. (我们正在等待他的决定)。regulatory (adj.) /ˈreɡjələtəri/ - 中文含义：监管的，管理的。关键用法：regulatory approval (监管批准)。Key Structures and Expressions Analysis (中文分析):
• 重点词汇与词组：• approved ... for obesity: 批准……用于治疗肥胖症• With about 70 new obesity treatments in development: (独立主格结构或介词短语作状语) 随着约70种新的肥胖治疗方法正在研发中• in development: 正在研发中• awaiting regulatory review: 等待监管审查• 长难句分析：1. "With about 70 new obesity treatments in development, six are now awaiting¹ regulatory² review."• 难点："With about 70 new obesity treatments in development" 是一个介词短语（或可视为独立主格结构），用作句首的状语，提供背景信息。Chinese Translation (中文翻译):去年十一月，美国食品药品监督管理局批准了礼来公司的糖尿病药物Zepbound用于治疗肥胖症。随着约70种新的肥胖症治疗方法正在研发中，目前有六种正在等待监管审查。
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Original Text:In the coming year, expect to see more companies entering the final stages of trials¹ and seeking² approval as demand³ skyrockets⁴.
单词解析:
trials (n.) /ˈtraɪəlz/ - 中文含义：试验，临床试验。关键用法：clinical trials (临床试验)。seeking (v. pres. participle) /ˈsiːkɪŋ/ - 中文含义：寻求，争取。关键用法：seeking help (寻求帮助)。demand (n.) /dɪˈmɑːnd/ - 中文含义：需求。关键用法：demand for a product (对某产品的需求)。skyrockets (v.) /ˈskaɪrɒkɪts/ - 中文含义：（价格、数量等）猛涨，飞涨。关键用法：Sales have skyrocketed. (销量猛增)。Key Structures and Expressions Analysis (中文分析):
• 重点词汇与词组：• In the coming year: 在未来一年• expect to see more companies entering... and seeking...: (expect sb to do sth) 预计会看到更多公司进入……并寻求……• final stages of trials: 试验的最后阶段• seeking approval: 寻求批准• as demand skyrockets: (原因/时间状语从句) 随着需求猛增• 长难句分析：1. "In the coming year, expect to see more companies entering the final stages of trials¹ and seeking² approval as demand³ skyrockets⁴."• 难点：这是一个祈使句，省略了主语 "You"。动词 "expect" 后面跟了 "to see more companies entering... and seeking..." 的结构，其中 "entering" 和 "seeking" 是现在分词，修饰 "companies" (可以理解为 companies that are entering... and seeking...)，或者理解为 "see companies do/doing sth" 结构中省略了 "do/are"。 "as demand skyrockets" 是一个原因或时间状语从句。Chinese Translation (中文翻译):在未来一年，随着需求猛增，预计会看到更多公司进入试验的最后阶段并寻求批准。
