青岛新闻网讯 自闭症的概念1943年由美国专家莱奥·坎纳首次提出，在医学上也成为孤独症，是一个尚没有被全社会知道、了解的病症。 2007年12月联合国大会通过决议，从2008年起，将每年的4月2日定为“世界自闭症关注日”，以提高人们对自闭症和相关诊断以及自闭症患者的关注。
青岛墨尔文中学关爱自闭症协会自成立以来，一直作为校内的公益组织，致力于组织与自闭症孩子的融合活动和康复辅导训练辅助，以及宣传自闭症常识、提升社会自闭症关注度。
2015年4月2日是第八个“世界自闭症关注日”，青岛墨尔文中学关爱自闭症协会的同学们再次站出来，佩戴蓝丝带，在晨会上呼吁大家对自闭症人群耐心关注、平等相待。
以下内容为晨会上学生们的分享：
自闭症在医学界上被定义只有七十年。自闭症不是心理问题，不是智力障碍，不是电影里的天才人格，也不是沉默寡言、不善交际的同义词。自闭症患者没有我们与生俱来的社交能力。虽然可以说话，但无法与人正常交流。有的喜欢反复重复对方说过的话，有的永远答非所问，有的直到三十岁还在练习如何与人打招呼。他们不知道如何用表情与肢体语言表达自己的情绪与感受，无法理解字面以外的含义，甚至无法直视你的眼睛。他们中的许多人都有固执而狭窄的爱好，比如一刻不停得玩硬币，把玩具按特定顺序排一排。这些行为没有原因并且不断重复。他们当中有的拥有惊人的记忆力或数学能力，还有的在美术和音乐上颇具天赋，但他们并不能真正理解其中的含义。
Autism has only been identified in the medical field for merely 70 years. Autism is not a psychological problem, not mental retardation, not a synonym of genius as in movies, or a stereotyped dissociable image. People with autism would not exhibit the faculty of social interaction as most of us have from the day we are born. Although they can speak, they cannot communicate adequately with others. Some of them like to repeat what another person has said for many times, some never answer the questions others ask and say something irrelevant, and some still have to practice to greet people in their thirties. They do not know how to use verbal and body language to express their feelings, do not understand any underlying messages behind the words, and cannot even look straight at others’ eyes. Most of them have stubborn and narrow areas of interest, such as playing with coins all the time, arranging toys in a fixed order- without a reason and non-stop. Some of them have extraordinary memory or mathematical abilities out of this world, some are highly talented in art and music, but most don’t really understand the underlying meanings of math, art, music, or other things they might remember.
根据美国相关统计，每88名新生儿童中就有一名自闭症谱系患者。我国目前还没有进行过此类调查，我们一般认为中国有超过一百万自闭症儿童。尽管没有有效治疗手段，终生无法治愈，但通过及时、正确的行为康复教育，许多自闭症儿童能够具有参与社会生活的能力。然而，当到了上学的年龄，他们会面临极大的困难，大部分自闭症儿童难以进入普通教育体系。2012年九月，在深圳一所小学，19名家长联名要求学校开除一名自闭症男生。特殊教育学校里，同样难以找到他们的位置，相对于相对成熟的盲聋哑智障儿童教育，目前还缺乏针对自闭症儿童的特殊教育服务。80%的自闭症儿童家庭需要完全自行承担康复教育的开销，三分之一的家庭几乎将全部收入用于康复教育。许多家长担心孩子无法融入社会生活，无法独立照顾自己，他们最大的心愿，就是能够比他们的孩子多活一天。
自闭症的故事并不止步于儿童自闭症患者和他们的康复训练。2015年世界自闭症关注日的主题是“职业优势”。自闭症患者有很多共同特征，包括很强的记忆力、专注力，和对于一成不变的顺序的痴迷。这些特征让他们成为图书及资料管理员、重复性的农业或流水线生产工人等工作岗位强有力的竞争者。如果他们在美术或音乐上有天赋的话，他们也同样可以从事这一类工作。春节放假期间，我去了美国的TERI, 一所有着自己理念的特殊教育学校，在对自闭症儿童的训练之外，他们为8岁以上的青少年以及成人提供各式各样的职业训练。成人教育中也加入了大量的艺术教学，包括图画，雕塑，木工，音乐，甚至喜剧。更多丰富的教育项目包括农业训练项目，厨师训练项目等，都强调职业训练，提高自闭症成人就业竞争力。国内大部分慈善组织很少能够触碰这个话题，但借助今年自闭症关爱日的主题，我们每一个社会成员都应该想一想怎么才能够让患自闭症的成人合理就业。
The story of autism doesn’t only end with children and their rehabilitation- the theme of Autism Awareness Day 2015 is on “Employment Advantages”. Autism comes with some very common characteristics, including outstanding abilities of memory, the fascination towards a set order, and extraordinary abilities to focus on one action, making them great employees of libraries or anywhere requiring ordering documents and remembering where they are, of farm or flow production industries, or of art and music workshops considering that some of them may have relevant talents. I visited TERI, Training Education Research Institute during the New Year break. TERI campus of life is a special education campus that has taken its own approach towards rehabilitation training throughout the life span for special population of which the majority has Autism Spectrum Disorders. Focus is put on rehabilitation and vocational training for students aging 8 years old or older. Adult education programs are combined with arts, including paintings, sculptures, woodwork, music and even theater arts. Other programs including agricultural institute, culinary institute, equestrian programs and more, all with vocational focuses on adults- exploring the employment advantages of autistic adults. This is something about autism that domestic charities have yet to touch- but since this theme arises as the theme for the new Apr. 2nd Autism Awareness Day, every conscientious member of the society should think about how autistic people can be employed into the normal sectors of today’s economy.
那么，我们今天可以做什么？
佩戴蓝丝带、点亮蓝灯来传递关注自闭症的理念，这些照片是著名建筑物在关爱自闭症日点亮蓝灯，而且今晚他们也会如此。同时，如果你在公共场所看到行为异常的孩子，请尊重他们和他们的父母；如果你认识从事社会保障行业的人，请呼吁他们重视自闭症群体的福利政策；如果你对教育有着无限的热忱，请考虑特殊教育这个光荣而伟大的职业；如果，当你长大后，或者你的亲人们正在运营公司，请给自闭症成人患者一些工作机会。因为，你对自闭症的支持，能够创造改变 ----它可以激励更多的人参与到支持自闭症的队伍中，甚至，能够让整个社会发起一场改变。是的，你的影响力可能超乎你的想象。
Wear the blue ribbon and light up blue lamps to pass on the idea of autism awareness. The pictures are well-known buildings lighting up blue on autism awareness day. They will do so tonight as well. Plus, If you children show abnormal behavior in the public, please respect them and their parents; if you know anyone in the field of social welfare, please advertise them about welfare of special populations with autism; if you are passionate about education, please consider the field of special education. It will be hard both mentally and physically, but it is a great job to do; and if, when you grow up, you run a company, or your families are running companies now, please leave some opportunities to adults with autism, because your supports to autism can make a difference- it can be what inspires more people to also support autism and possibly start up a whole new social movement that you never expected you could have done. Yes, your influence could be beyond your imagination.
今天是世界关爱自闭症日，每一天都是世界关爱自闭症日。 谢谢大家！
