beard [bɪəd] n.胡须【真句】his smile faded as he rubbed his beard with bony fingers, in thought. 【2020天津】他的微笑消失了，他用骨瘦如柴的手指摸着胡子
，陷入沉思。
【助记】络腮胡子就是以耳朵(ear)为对称长的。
barber [ˈbɑːbə(r)] n. 理发师【助记】barb-压缩自单词 beard(胡须)。bachelor[ˈbætʃələ]n. 学士;单身汉【真句】
That willpower bore fruit when Jennifer graduated from University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire and became the first in her large family to earn a bachelor’s degree.【2020年新高考全国Ⅰ卷(山东卷)】当珍妮弗从威斯康星大学毕业并成为她的大家庭中第一个获得学士学位的时候，这种意志力就结出了果实。
【真句】Armantrout, a native Californian, received her bachelor’s degree at UC Berkeley.【2015山东阅读】Armantrout是一个加利福利亚人，在UC Berkeley获得了学士学位。
短语：Bachelor’s Day 光棍节拓展：与“学位”相关的表达：master硕士;doctor博士;degree度数，学位battery [ˈbætərɪ] n. 电池
【真句】 A battery, even a lithium one, only provides 250 watt-hours per kilogram【2020天津】 一个电池
，甚至一个锂电池，每公斤只提供250瓦时
【拓展】a battery of tests一组测试 【2020浙江】
backache [ˈbækeɪk] n. 背痛background [ˈbækɡraʊnd] n. 背景【真句】
They were randomly divided into four groups and exposed to various noise levels in the background, from total silence to 50 decibels(分贝), 70 decibels, and 85 decibels. 【2021年6月全国乙卷】他们被随机分为四组，暴露在不同程度的背景噪音中，从总沉默到50分贝，70分贝和85分贝。
【真句】Things like parents’ educational background have a stronger influence on a child’s reading.【2015广东阅读】诸如父母教育背景之类的事情对儿童的阅读有很大的影响。
bachelor[ˈbætʃələ]n. 学士;单身汉【助记】“白扯了”【真句】That willpower bore fruit when Jennifer graduated from University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire and became the first in her large family to earn a bachelor’s degree.【2020山东新高考】 当珍妮弗毕业于威斯康星大学-克莱尔大学，成为她的大家庭中第一个获得学士学位的人时，这种意志力就结了果实。
【拓展】与“学位”相关的表达：master硕士;doctor博士;degree度数，学位Bachelor’s Day 光棍节bacon [ˈbeɪkən] n. 熏肉bacterium [bækˈtɪərɪəm] (复bacteria) n. 细菌拓展:medium的复数为mediabad [bæd] adj. 不好的;糟糕的bad的副词形式: badly [ˈbædlɪ] adv.严重地，非常;坏地，不好地【真句】
Cheese bring has a downside too—a smell similar to that of bad milk.【2020.1浙江】奶酪带来的味道也有一个缺点——一种类似于坏牛奶的味道。
【真句】She badly needed to set higher goals.【2016江苏阅读】她迫切需要设立更高的目标。
badminton [ˈbædmɪntən] n. 羽毛球bag [bæɡ] n. 书包;提包;袋子baggage [ˈbæɡɪdʒ] n. 行李 拓展：同义词luggage行李(不可数名词)bakery [ˈbeɪkərɪ] n. 面包店 bakery的动词: bake[beɪk] v烘烤balance [ˈbæləns] n. v. 平衡【真句】
These actions have greatly affected the ecological balance.【2019.6天津】这些作用极大地影响了生态平衡。
【真句】Mothers should balance their time for work and rest.【2015天津阅读】妈妈们应该平衡工作和休息的时间。
balance的形容词：balanced [ˈbælənsd] 平衡的【真句】She overcame her addiction to alcohol and began to follow a balanced diet.【2015湖南阅读】她克服了酒精上瘾并且开始了一个均衡的饮食。
balance的反义词：imbalance [imˈbæləns] 失衡【真句】It has caused an imbalance of species.【2015湖北阅读】它已经导致了物种的失衡。
balcony [ˈbælkənɪ] n. 阳台
ball [bɔːl] n. 球 n. 舞会ballet [ˈbæleɪ] n. 芭蕾舞balloon [bəˈluːn] n. 气球【真句
Balloons on the walls!【2021.3天津卷】墙上的气球!
ballpoint [`bɔl,pɔɪnt] n. 圆珠笔bamboo [bæmˈbuː] n. 竹ban [bæn] v. n. 禁止【真句】
San Francisco is the first city to ban plastic bags in the world.【2012福建阅读】San Francisco是世界上第一个禁止使用塑料袋的国家。
用法：ban sb from doing sth阻止某人做某事【真句】The driver declared guilty may be temporarily banned from driving.【2015福建阅读】被宣布有罪的司机可能会被暂时禁止驾驶。
同义词：forbid 禁止 forbid sb to do sth; forbid sb from doing sth禁止某人做某事;forbid doing sth禁止做某事;prohibit v. 禁止 probibit sb from doing sth 禁止某人做某事【真句】Children should be forbidden from watchingTV. 【2015辽宁阅读】应该禁止儿童看电视
【真句】A drive suspected of drink driving should be forbidden to drivefor 3 years.【2015福建阅读】被怀疑酒驾的人应该三年禁驾。
【真句】Local government forbids killingwildlife.【2015重庆阅读】当地政府禁止杀害野生动物。
【真句】Please note that any prohibited items will be taken away by the Office of Residence Life.【2015 天津阅读】请注意：任何物品都将被Office of Residence Life没收。
【真句】They are prohibited from revealing details about the company.【高考真句】他们被禁止揭露关于公司的任何细节
banana [bəˈnɑːnə]n. 香蕉【真句】
My husband had banana pudding for his birthday.【2021.3天津卷】我丈夫过生日时吃了香蕉布丁。
band [bænd]n. 乐队;一群，一伙(志同道合的人)【真句】
Then there was a roar from the crowd as the first members of the band stepped on the stage.【2015山东完形】当乐队的第一批成员走上舞台的时候人群中爆发出欢呼声。
【真句】We happy few, we band of brothers.【2012福建完形】我们是少数快乐的人，我们亲如兄弟。
band together 团结起来【真句】We’d all be in shelter if we hadn’t banded together.【2013江苏完】如果我们没有团结在一起的话我们就会进避难所。
bandage [ˈbændɪdʒ] n. 绷带【真句】
But after the operation, Susan burst into tears for a different reason: across the cut on their newborn son’s back was a sweet winter scene, hand-drawn on his bandages.【2020.5天津】但手术后，苏珊因为不同的原因哭了起来：在他们刚出生的儿子背上的伤口上是一个甜蜜的冬天的场景，是用绷带手绘的。
bang [bæŋ] int. 砰 Wbank [bæŋk] n. 岸，堤 n. 银行【真句】It all began when Moore visited a bank with her dad.【2019北京卷】这一切都始于摩尔和父亲去一家银行。
bar [bɑː] 吧;酒吧;条，块，根;(卖东西的)柜台barbecue [ˈbɑːbɪkjuː] n. 烤肉野餐barber [ˈbɑːbə] n. 理发师barbershop[ˈbɑːbəʃɑp / n. 理发店bare [beə] adj. 赤裸的，裸露的;荒芜的To warm himself, the sailor sat in front of the fire rubbing one bare foot against the other.【2015陕西阅读】为了让自己保持温暖，水手做在篝火面前用一只脚搓另一只脚。
I saw nothing but the bare walls and I became even more worried.【2013重庆阅读】我除了光秃秃的墙之外什么也没看见，我变得更担心了
注意与blank的区别bargain [ˈbɑːɡɪn] n. 便宜货 v. 讨价还价It was a bargain to him. 【2013湖南阅读】这对他来说是便宜货。
I bargained him down to 200 total for the fruit and nuts.【2006湖北阅读】我将水果和坚果的总价砍到200元。
bark [bɑːk] v. 狗叫;大声叫 n. 狗叫;树皮A few dogs started barking at it.【2015上海阅读】一些狗开始朝它大叫。
For a moment, nobody moved, but then the people heard someone bark orders at the soldiers.【2014湖北阅读】有段时间没有人动弹，之后人们听到了某人朝士兵发出了命令。
Steve Tregea asked Holder if he would like his dog bark.【2015陕西阅读】Steve Tregea问Holder是否喜欢他的狗叫。
Dried grass was added over the bark.【2015福建阅读】干草被放在树皮上面。
barrier [‘bærɪə] n. 障碍，障碍物【真句】Unfortunately, between us stood the barrier of language. 【2022年6月浙江卷】不幸的是，我们之间存在着语言的障碍。
base [beɪs] v. 以……为基础;以……为基地(一般用被动语态)n. 基础;底部;基地David got his job with the Liverpool- based company four months ago.【2014全国阅读】大卫得到了总部位于利物浦的一家公司的工作。
Stevenson gives an account of the advanced techniques that criminals use to defeat computer- based locking systems for cars.【2015浙江阅读】Stevenson描述了一个先进的技术，罪犯利用该技术破解以电脑为基础的汽车锁定系统。
Several safari(野生动物园)camps operate as the base for this adventure.【2015重庆阅读】一些野生动物园营地作为冒险的基地运营，
The dog survived by drinking water from a fresh scream at the base of the cliff.【2015陕西阅读】那条狗喝了悬崖底部的溪流的水之后活了下来。
短语：base sth on sth 以……为基础，以……为根据;【真句】Base an important decision more on emotion than on reason, and you will regret it sooner or later. 【2012江苏】将重要的决定以情感而非理智为基础你将迟早会后悔。
be based on 基于……【真句】The beauty of rereading lies in the idea that our bond with the work is based on our present mental register.【2020全国1】重读的美妙之处在于，我们与作品的联系是建立在我们当前的心理记录之上的。
【真句】Candidates will be matched with a task based on skill set.【2021.3天津卷】候选人将根据技能集来完成一项任务。
【真句】Such a diet is based primarily on grain products, fruits, and vegetables.【2013上海阅读】这样的饮食主要是以谷物产品，水果以及蔬菜为基础的。
basis [ˈbeɪsɪs] n. 基础;根据【真句】He likes that he can sit and check his phone in peace or chat up the barkeeper with whom he’s on a first-name basis if he wants to have a little interaction.【2019全国2.】他喜欢安静地坐着看手机，或者和酒吧老板聊天，如果他想有一点互动的话，他可以直呼其名。
【真句】And the rapid growth of a pleasure-seeking middle class has formed the basis for this new craze. 【2015全国二阅读】寻乐中产阶级的快速增长形成了这股狂热的基础。
短语：on the basis of 根据…… ;【真句】They don’t function on the basis of science.【2013四川阅读】它们的运行并没有工作原理。
on a regular/daily/weekly etc basis.意思为“该形容词的副词”【真句】As a general rule, all forms of activity lead to boredom when they are performed on a routine basis.【2014全国一完形】作为一个总规则，所有形式的活动都会导致无聊当他们经常做的时候。
basis的形容词：basic 基础的，基本的【真句】Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people.【2016全国一完形】许多土著美国人都重视沉默并认为这是人群中交流的一个基本部分。
baseball [ˈbeɪsbɔːl] n. 棒球basement [ˈbeɪsmənt] n. 地下室basin [ˈbeɪsn] n. 水盆，脸盆basket [ˈbɑːskɪt] n. 篮子basketball [ˈbɑːskɪtbɔːl] n. 篮球bat [bæt] n.球棒;蝙蝠
bath [bɑːθ] n. 洗澡;澡盆 v. 洗澡(此时等于bathe);
【真句】They moved in with a local family, the Harrisons, and, like them, had little privacy, rare baths, and a blanket of snow on their quilt when they woke up in the morning. 【2022年6月全国乙卷】他们和当地的哈里森一家人住在一起，和他们一样，几乎没有隐私，很少洗澡，早上醒来时被子上盖着一层雪。
【真句】Upon learning that a nobleman had taken a bath, the king ordered that, to avoid the attack of disease, the nobleman should not go out.【2015重庆阅读】一了解到一位贵族洗了澡国王立刻命令其不准出去，以免受到传染。
【真句】The three boys were fed, bathed and changed into their nightclothes.【2015江西】三个小孩被喂了饭，洗了澡，然后换上了睡衣。
bathe [beɪð] v. 洗澡;【真句】Seniors, on average, bathe fewer than 3 days a week.【2013安徽阅读】平均来看，老人每周洗澡不超过3次。
短语：be based in 沐浴在……之下【真句】The mountain was bathed in golden light.【2013湖南阅读】那座山沐浴在金色的阳光之下。
bathroom [ˈbɑːθruːm] n. 浴室bathtub [‘bɑ:θtʌb] n. 澡盆battery [ˈbætərɪ] n. 电池battle [ˈbætl] n. 战斗，斗争 v. 与……斗争【真句】However, becoming a full-time, successful actor would still be an uphill battle for another eight yeas until he landed a number of film roles that finally got him noticed.【2021年6月浙江卷】然而，要想成为一名全职、成功的演员，在接下来的八年里仍然是一场艰苦的战斗，直到他获得了一些电影角色，最终引起了人们的注意。
【真句】Matilda’s battles with her cruel parents and the bossy headmistress, Miss Trunchbull, are equally funny and frightening, but they’re also aspirational.【2019全国2.】玛蒂尔达与她残忍的父母和专横的女校长特朗奇布尔小姐的斗争，同样有趣和可怕，但他们也很有抱负。
【真句】Hard though she tried to make the kids concentrate, the thunder won the battle fortheir attention. 【2013重庆完形】尽管她努力使她的孩子注意力集中，但是雷电仍然赢得了注意力之战。
短语：battle to do sth争着做某事【真句】Some battled to call a taxi or to get on a bus.【2013山东完形】一些人争着打的或者上公交车。
battleground [ˈbætəlɡraʊnd] n. 战场bay [beɪ] n. 湾;海湾
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